Artificial intelligence is about to rise, starting with chip design!

As a typical forward-looking basic research field, artificial intelligence has received the most important support channel for basic research in China--the continuous attention and attention of the National Natural Science Foundation of China. The Natural Science Foundation made a forward-looking deployment earlier, focused on key issues, funded a large number of exploratory research projects, and trained a group of basic research teams.

The Dartmouth Conference held in the United States in 1956 explored the development of artificial intelligence. In this meeting, the concept of artificial intelligence (AI) was formally proposed: "Let the machine be able to recognize, think and learn like a human being, that is, use a computer to simulate human intelligence." The scientists who participated in the conference began to focus on the development of artificial intelligence in the field of scientific research, but subject to the level of computer technology, the progress of artificial intelligence was limited at that time.

In the 1960s, American science fiction writer Asimov opened a column in The New York Times to predict the technological life of humans half a century later. He predicted: "By 2014, robots have their own meaning: to liberate humans from trivial chores, people only need to set up the machine the night before, and they can enjoy the delicious breakfast ready the next morning. ."

Li Bohu, an expert in computer simulation and computer integration manufacturing in China and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, believes that the development of artificial intelligence in the last 60 years can be divided into three stages: from the 1950s to the 1970s, artificial intelligence tried to simulate human intelligence, but it was too simple algorithm. The craze is difficult to cope with the uncertainty of the theory of the environment and the limitations of computing power. In the 1980s, the key application of artificial intelligence, the rule-based expert system, was developed, but the data was small and it was difficult to capture experts. Tacit knowledge, combined with limited computing power, makes artificial intelligence not valued; in the 1990s, artificial intelligence algorithms such as neural networks and deep learning, and information and communication technologies such as big data, cloud computing, and high-performance computing developed rapidly. Intelligence enters a new period of rapid growth.

Li Bohu said: "At present, the new information environment and the new goal of human society development, which are undergoing major changes, have brought artificial intelligence technology and application into a new stage. The biggest feature of this new artificial climax is enterprise leadership."

This is indeed the case. At the international level, Google, IBM, and Amazon have each launched research on the field of artificial intelligence. Google's artificial intelligence program AlphaGo has attracted the attention of the world in the "human-machine war" in the field of Go. In China, Alibaba, Huawei, Baidu and other companies have made achievements in artificial intelligence. For example, in China, the artificial intelligence technology of “face recognition” has been widely used in many companies' face-paying products.

Gao Wen, chairman of the Artificial Intelligence Industry Technology Innovation Strategy Alliance and academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said that a new wave of artificial intelligence was driven by enterprises. At present, many countries have paid attention to the huge development potential of artificial intelligence and increased funding for artificial intelligence research.

In China, "artificial intelligence" has been written into China's "13th Five-Year Plan". In May 2016, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Central Committee of the Internet to jointly issued the "Internet +" artificial intelligence three-year action implementation plan, "to give full play to the leading role of artificial intelligence technology innovation, support 'Internet +' entrepreneurial innovation in various industry sectors, fostering new kinetic energy for economic development." The artificial intelligence plan for 2030 is about to be released, and China's artificial intelligence research and development will enter the system promotion stage after the top design.

Pan Yunhe, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said that China's research needs in the fields of smart city, smart medical care, intelligent transportation, intelligent manufacturing, and unmanned driving are increasing day by day. "China has realized informationization in these fields, and now it urgently needs intelligence."

Prior to the 60 years of artificial intelligence development, the Chinese Academy of Engineering proposed the concept of artificial intelligence 2.0 based on the social needs and information environment of China's development.

Academician Gao Wen of the Chinese Academy of Engineering said that a distinctive feature of artificial intelligence 2.0 is to realize the intelligent perception of “mechanical brain, performance super brain”, and then realize cross-media learning and reasoning. For example, artificial intelligence AlphaGo is to obtain “game feeling” through visual perception. ":" It regards the chessboard as an image, conducts 'deep learning' on the 160,000-person human game, obtains the 'game feeling' based on the situation, and uses the intensive learning method to self-play 30 million sets, looking for the final victory. The key 'coup'. Through this perception, AlphaGo achieves the "four swords" of symbolism, connectionism, behaviorism and statistical learning, and ultimately transcends humanity.

Yang Wei believes that in the entire chain of research and development activities - from basic science to technology and products and markets, the Fund Committee is the source of supply. In-depth exploration of artificial intelligence in line with the requirements of the development of the times will not only benefit the people, but also contribute to the breakthrough of the country in major research fields.

In addition, in order to promote the expansion and enrichment of artificial intelligence research, the Science Fund will focus on supporting cross-disciplinary research between communication and electronics, computer science and technology, automation science and technology, and through major research breakthroughs.

"The development prospect of China's artificial intelligence is shining with the dawn of hope, and is expected to lead the world." Yang Wei pointed out that in the process of technological development, the historical leap from a country to the leading is both gorgeous and difficult. It needs to grasp the rules of innovation with a far-sighted view, recognize the unique expressions of the leader, and choose the right direction for the situation, while artificial intelligence is an important part of the integration of human-machine networks, and wisdom data, new physics, synthetic life, quantum transition One, it is likely to become the five important areas in which China's science and technology take the lead in achieving the leap from running to leading.

The mobile AI chip has a fundamental difference in design ideas. First of all, it must be ensured that the power consumption is controlled within a certain range. In other words, high computational efficiency must be guaranteed. In order to achieve this goal, the performance of the mobile AI chip must be lost, allowing some calculation accuracy loss, so some fixed-point numbers can be used. Operations and network compression methods to speed up operations.

Below, we will introduce them separately from the server-side chip. Some manufacturers have these two types of products at the same time, so they do not make a strict distinction.

In the field of cloud servers, Nvidia's GPU has become an indispensable part of the server, and it is no exaggeration to call it a front-runner. According to reports, there are currently more than 3,000 AI startups in the world, most of which use the hardware platform provided by Nvidia.

The capital market responded enthusiastically: In the past year, Nvidia's share price, which was known for its gaming chips, soared from $30 to $120 in more than a decade. On February 10, 2017, Nvidia released its fourth quarter 2016 financial report, showing that its revenue increased by 55% year-on-year, and its net profit reached US$655 million, a year-on-year increase of 216%.

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