In recent years, with the rapid development of mobile Internet and Internet of Things, embedded technology has become increasingly popular, playing an increasingly important role in communications, networking, industrial control, medical, electronics and other fields; with embedded technology and related products Continuously permeating people's daily lives, large and small companies have increased their demand for embedded development talent.
Before introducing the development direction of embedded development, let's take a look at the nature of embedded devices. The essence of an embedded device is a dedicated, tiny computer, so it consists of three levels of things like a computer:
1) Hardware, including cpu (such as ARM), storage (such as flash), I / O (display module, communication module, video and audio module, I / O control circuit, etc.).
2) System-level software, mainly operating system is OS, and I/O software such as LCD, Bluetooth, wifi, CDMA, sound and other subsystems.
3) Application software, such as linux-based application development, Android-based application development, iOS-based application development, etc.
In fact, all devices with digital interfaces range from airplane rockets to mobile phones, computers, and even keyboards, mice, and hard disks that make up ordinary PC terminal devices. Embedded systems are used in various smart hardware products on the market. Embedded systems are the result of combining advanced computer technology, semiconductor technology and electronic technology with specific applications in various industries. Embedded systems are undoubtedly one of the hottest and most promising IT applications.
There are many development directions for embedded development, and the threshold is different. The following mainly introduces the four major career development directions:
1. ARM + Linux / Android developmentAccording to statistics, 99% of smartphones and tablets worldwide use ARM architecture. All iPhones and iPads use ARM chips, and most Kindle e-readers and Android devices use this architecture. Most leading network/telecom manufacturers are actively moving their next-generation platforms to the ARM platform, and there is reason to believe that ARM will play an extremely important role in the industry in the next few years.
Liu Hongtao, vice president of research and development at Huaqing Vision Education Group (the first embedded development training organization in China), said that embedded systems are a combination of soft and hard. People who develop ARM are mainly divided into two categories:
Embedded software development engineer
1. Application development, including Android application development or application development on Linux (QT, etc.), there are many people working at present, employment is easy to treat, and it is necessary to master C language, C++, java and other development languages.
2. Operating system migration, more complicated, Linux, Android, etc., now many mobile phone manufacturers (such as Xiaomi, Meizu, LeTV, etc.) introduced the operating system is to modify the kernel, change the skin, employment is still very easy;
3. The underlying driver development, this entry and in-depth is not easy, you need to have a deep understanding of the hardware and OS, the development prospects are very good;
Embedded hardware development engineer
1. Just like a mobile phone, doing the whole circuit on the processor is much more difficult than getting started with the single-chip computer.
2. SOC, architecture development. Called a system-on-a-chip, also known as a system-on-a-chip, means that it is a product, an integrated circuit with a dedicated target that contains the complete system and has the entire contents of the embedded software. At the same time, it is a technology to realize the whole process from determining the system function to the software/hardware division and completing the design.
Nowadays, many college students majoring in computer science, electronic information, automation, and mathematics choose to go on the stage of embedded development through training. Even some people choose to resign and learn embedded development. Huaqing Vision Group is an ARM-authorized embedded training organization. For more than ten years, it has been focusing on the cultivation of embedded Linux+Android development talents. More than 10,000 students come here to study every year. At present, the knowledge and equipment on campus are relatively backward, which leads to insufficient knowledge acquired by students after graduation to meet the needs of enterprises. Huaqing Vision will apply the self-developed teaching platform + the latest project case to the teaching, ensuring that the trainees can master the most needed and practical development technology in the market in more than four months, and increase their competitiveness in their job search and work. . From the employment situation, the salary is very good.
Huaqing Vision FS4412 development board, the most advanced ARM Cortex-A9 quad-core development platform
2. FPGA developmentFPGA (field programmable logic device) products are used in a wide range of applications, including communications, consumer electronics, automotive electronics, industrial control, test and measurement. The application changes have made the evolution of FPGA products more and more obvious in recent years: On the one hand, FPGA vendors are committed to adopting the most advanced processes to improve product performance and reduce product cost; on the other hand, The more general-purpose IP (intellectual property) or custom IP is introduced into the FPGA to meet the fast-market requirements of customer products.
The development of FPGAs is quite different from the development of traditional PCs and microcontrollers. FPGA is mainly based on parallel computing and implemented in hardware description language. Compared with PC or single-chip microcomputer (whether von Neumann structure or Harvard architecture), the sequential operation is very different, which also makes FPGA development difficult.
Learn the four common mistakes of FPGA:
1, not familiar with the internal structure of the FPGA, do not understand the basic principles of programmable logic devices.
2, misunderstanding the HDL language, how to see the hardware structure.
3, FPGA itself is nothing, everything is outside the FPGA.
4. Digital logic knowledge is fundamental.
DSP (Digital Signal Processing) is an emerging discipline that covers many disciplines and is widely used in many fields. The prospects of the global DSP market are very broad, and the DSP industry will become the sunrise industry with the most development potential in the 21st century. In recent years, with the continuous decline in the price of DSP chip products, DSP can be rapidly expanded from the military field to the civilian field, such as computers, networks, mobile phones, modems and disk drives, and many consumer electronic products.
DSP learning involves a lot of content, so it is important to focus on it. There are several important parts that must be learned: hardware production and learning; class/microdrive model; c/assembler development; CSL/BSL use and understanding; RF5 algorithm architecture; image domain knowledge.
do you know? The bus IC card for work, the bank card for ATM withdrawal, and the door card for the building are all products designed with IC design, which are indispensable in the modern world. Integrated Circuit Design, or integrated circuit design, is a discipline in electrical engineering and computer engineering. Its main content is the design of integrated circuits using specialized logic and circuit design techniques.
Since 2009, China's IC design industry's output value has gradually increased in the global market through strong market purchasing power and self-owned brands. China's IC design industry's order demand will have the opportunity to become the world's most growth region in the next three years. In order to catch up with this wave, 2015~2017 will be an important moment for global wafer foundries to compete for layout cards.
How to learn IC design? Need to have a certain analog circuit foundation, digital analog circuit design experience; good electronic circuit analysis capabilities; SOC design and verification experience; proficient in Verilog, Tcl, C, Perl and other design languages.
Embedded system design is an important part of electronic product design. At present, most technology companies and makers at home and abroad have established their own embedded development teams. The team positions required by the team include: system design engineer, hardware engineer, underlying driver engineer, Linux system engineer, application design engineer, and so on. Huaqing Vision Education Group recommends that students in computer, electronics, communication, automation and other related fields can use embedded development as the direction of future career development, both in terms of salary and development prospects. Starting from an engineer, there are generally several development directions. One is to become the core of the technology, the experts in the field; the other is to train from the project to become the project manager or management talent; and then to use their own technology and Industry experience to start a business. In short, in the context of the Internet of Things, embedded development will become one of the most promising career development directions.
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