Tesla Coil is a transformer (resonant transformer) that operates on the principle of resonance. It was invented in 1891 by the American-born Serbian scientist Nikola Tesla. It is mainly used to produce ultra-high voltage but low current. High frequency AC power. A Tesla coil consists of two sets (sometimes three sets) of resonant circuits coupled together. Tesla coils are difficult to define, and Nikola Tesla has tried a large number of coil configurations. Tesla uses these coils for innovative experiments such as electrical lighting, fluorescence spectroscopy, X-rays, high-frequency AC current phenomena, electrotherapy and radio energy transmission, and transmission and reception of radio signals.
Tesla coil basicsFirst of all, you have to understand the relationship between voltage and current. There must be voltage, current, and current.
The current unit is generally indicated by the letter A.
The voltage unit is generally indicated by the letter V.
The current multiplied by the voltage is equal to the power.
The power of household AC power cannot be counted, and all the power of household appliances is superimposed by several kilowatts. The power of household AC is far greater than this figure.
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Circuit knowledge:Capacitor and capacitor are defined as two plates with a layer of insulator sandwiched between them. The electric field can store energy.
Inductance, the inductor is a copper coil.
We need to understand the principle of magnetoelectricity, that is, the magnetic field can generate current and current, and can also generate magnetic field.
When the copper coil is also the inductor, after the power is turned on, the magnetic field will cause the copper coil to generate current again. Because of the principle of magnetoelectricity and magnetism.
If you connect the capacitor and the inductor, what will happen?
There will be shocks between them.
Also called LC shock. L is the inductance and C is the capacitance.
Simply put, LC oscillation is a capacitor full of electricity, like an inductor discharge, the inductor will generate a magnetic field, at this time the capacitor has been discharged. Because of the principle of magnetoelectricity and magnetism. Therefore, the magnetic field generated by the inductor causes the inductor to generate current. Charge the capacitor. The capacitor discharges him again, that is, the capacitors and inductors release energy from each other, which is the LC oscillation.
Because the leakage magnetic field of the inductor is very large, it cannot be circulated all the time.
The speed of electricity is 300,000 kilometers per second, which is equivalent to the speed of light.
So its oscillation frequency is very fast. The time is also very low.
Electromagnetic resonance, each coil has an inherent frequency of the two poles of the coil will form a capacitor with this coil to produce LC oscillation, so it is there to have a frequency. Resonance, also known as resonance, occurs when the frequency of the electromagnetic wave generated by another energized coil is the same as the frequency inherent to this coil. The energy will increase dramatically.
The primary and secondary coils of the Tesla coil also resonate, so the voltage of the secondary coil is very high. It is lightning. The easiest is to use, a lc oscillation, to resonate with another coil. Because the frequency of lc oscillation is too high. So we use another LC oscillator circuit to resonate with the secondary coil. It is the easiest way.
Tesla coil structureThe following figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a small Tesla coil. The charging part uses a high-voltage DC power supply; the main capacitor uses 10 sets of induction cooker capacitors in series, multiple sets of parallel; the firearm is two metal objects close to each other at a distance of 3-5mm The primary coil is wound with a thick wire in a diameter of 10 cm PVC pipe for 5-10 turns; the secondary coil is wrapped with an enameled wire on a 50-75 mm diameter PVC pipe for 1000-1500 turns; the discharge tip is bent into a ring with an aluminum exhaust pipe, or other metal objects. Such as stainless steel basins, hollow metal balls, etc.
Enameled wire, diameter 0.2-0.3 can be, about half a catty, depending on the size of the secondary coil, the electronic market can buy the price 20-30 yuan;
PVC pipe, a 50-75mm, length 30-50cm, a diameter of 100mm, length 10-20cm, a total price of 10 yuan aluminum exhaust pipe, as a discharge top, a length of one meter, a diameter of about 80mm, the price of about 15 yuan The above two materials can be bought in the hardware store or building materials market.
Induction cooker capacitor, 1200V 0.3UF, needs 10-30, about 1.5 yuan
High-voltage power supply, you can use NE555, TL494 and other chips to drive TV high-voltage package, generating high voltage above 20000V, but a better way is to use a ZVS driver, this driver has high power, less heat, stable and reliable operation. The figure below shows the ZVS circuit diagram. If you can conditionally solder one, you can buy the components in the electronics market. For the novice, it is much more convenient to buy a finished product.
Low-voltage DC power supply, used to supply power to ZVS, computer power supply is a better choice, buy an old one as long as less than 20 yuan, 12V lead storage battery can also
Firearms, two larger pieces of metal, bolts, copper noses, iron blocks can be thick wire, about 5 meters, used to make the primary coil
Production processWinding the secondary coil, using an enameled wire around 1000-1500 turns on a 50-75mm diameter PVC pipe
The discharge tip is made, and the aluminum heat exhaust pipe is used as shown in the following figure. For the convenience of fixing, the two stainless steel bowls can be clamped once and the aluminum pipe is clamped, and the middle hole is fixed by screws. Aluminum pots, stainless steel hollow balls, stainless steel bowls, plates, cans, and other metal objects with a large surface area can also be used as the discharge tip. It should be noted that the discharge tip should be connected to the enameled wire at the upper end of the secondary coil.
Connect the enameled wire on the discharge tip and the secondary coil to the wire
Make the primary coil and wrap the thick wire around the 10cm diameter pVC tube. For the convenience of debugging, you can also fix the single-core copper wire to the tube as shown in the figure below. Be careful to leave a gap for each quality inspection.
Make a primary capacitor array, each 10 capacitors are connected in series, and multiple groups of parallels are required according to the need. For safety, each capacitor must be connected in parallel with a 1m resistor.
Make a firearm, fix two metal objects on the insulator, the spacing is 3-5mm, in order to dissipate heat, you can use several sets of series
The key to making a Tesla coil is to resonate, ie the primary LC frequency is equal to the secondary LC frequency, ie L1C1 = L2C2. The discharge tip for an irregular shape can be estimated from the surface area. It should be noted that the unit of inductance H=1000mH=1000,000uH
The unit of capacitance F=1000,000uF=1000,000,000,000pF After calculation, you will find L1C1≠L2C2, which is the number of turns you need to adjust the primary coil to get the required inductance value. The number of turns of the primary coil should not be too small. When the adjustment parameters cannot satisfy the resonance condition, the capacitor can be coarsely adjusted by increasing or decreasing the capacitance group, and then the primary coil is adjusted. After determining the approximate number of turns, the circuit is connected well, and the discharge effect is observed by energization. Then power off, fine-tuning adjusts the number of primary turns (such as 5.7, 8.2 turns) until the arc is the longest.
PrecautionsThe Tesla coil is a high-voltage device that touches any part of the circuit when it is energized!
Tesla coil useTesla coil is not only used in games or art, but more valuable is its significant use, such as the use of Tesla coils to achieve wireless transmission of electrical energy, and this method is highly efficient and ecologically destructive. Small, but there are still many difficulties and obstacles in practical applications, and it cannot be applied to actual power transmission. Lightning is an atmospheric discharge phenomenon. When lightning occurs, it releases huge energy. Its voltage is up to several million volts, and the average current is about 2×105A. It is estimated that the Earth is hit 45 times per second by lightning. The energy generated by a lightning bolt is enough to drive an ordinary car about 290 to 1450 km, which is equivalent to the energy produced by 30 to 144 L of gasoline. The use of lightning is quite difficult, because lightning occurs for as little as tens of milliseconds and is difficult to capture. The Tesla coil is one of the possibilities for capturing lightning.
Dc gear motor, namely gear reduction motor, is based on ordinary Dc Motor, coupled with gear reduction gearbox.
The gear reducer is used to provide low speed and large torque.
At the same time, the gearbox with different deceleration ratio can provide different speed and torque.
Generally different industries, using different power dc motor, generally adopt custom parameter design pattern.
What are the four ratings of the Dc Gear Motor? The DC gear motor is often seen in our industrial production. Here Shunchang Motor gives you the knowledge of its four ratings. To talk about
1. Rated Current: The rated current is the maximum current allowed to flow through the armature winding of the DC deceleration motor in accordance with the specified operating mode, in A.
2. Rated Voltage: The rated voltage is the maximum additional voltage that the armature winding of the motor can work safely, unit V. It
3. Rated Speed: Rated speed refers to the rotational speed of the Gear Reducer Motor in the rated voltage, rated current and output rated power under the circumstances of operation, the unit is r/min. Such
4, rated power: rated power refers to the motor in accordance with the specified mode of operation can provide output power. For motor, rated power is the output of mechanical power on the shaft.
precision instruments and meters,automobile industry, medical equipment, consumer electronics, household appliances, electric glass doors and Windows,etc., wide application range
Features: gear motor drive precision, small volume, large torque, low noise, durability, low energy consumption, customized power design,easy installation, easy maintenance;Simplify design and save space.
Method of use: the best stable in horizontal plane, installed on the dc gear motor output shaft parts, cannot use a hammer to knock,knock prone to press into the dc gear motor drive, may cause damage to internal components, and cannot be used in the case of blocked.
Operating temperature range:
Geared motors should be used at a temperature of -10~60℃.
The figures stated in the catalog specifications are based on use at ordinary room temperature catalog specifications re based on use at ordinary room temperature (approximately20~25℃.
If a geared motor is used outside the prescribed temperature range,the grease on the gearhead area will become unable to function normally and the motor will become unable to start.Depending on the temperature conditions ,it may be possible to deal with them by changing the grease of the motor's parts.Please feel free to consult with us about this.
Storage temperature range:
Geared motors should be stored ta a temperature of -15~65℃.
In case of storage outside this range,the grease on the gearhead area will become unable to function normally and the motor will become unable to start.
Service life:
The longevity of geared motors is greatly affected by the load conditions , the mode of operation,the environment of use ,etc.Therefore,it is necessary to check the conditions under which the product will actually be used .The following conditions will have a negative effect on longevity.Please consult with us should any of them apply.â—Use with a load that exceeds the rated torque
â—Frequent starting
â—Momentary reversals of turning direction
â—Impact loads
â—Long-term continuous operation
â—Forced turning using the output shaft
â—Use in which the permitted overhang load or the permitted thrust load is exceeded
â—A pulse drive ,e.g.,a short break,counter electromotive force,PWM control
â—Use of a voltage that is nonstandard as regards the rated voltage
â—Use outside the prescribed temperature or relative-humidity range,or in a special environment.
â—Please consult with us about these or any other conditions of use that may apply,so that we can be sure that you select the most appropriate model.
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