As an actuator, stepper motor is one of the key products of mechatronics and is widely used in various automation equipment. A stepper motor is an open-loop control element that converts an electrical pulse signal into an angular displacement or a linear displacement. When the stepper driver receives a pulse signal, it drives the stepper motor to rotate a fixed angle (ie, the step angle) in the set direction. The angular displacement can be controlled by controlling the number of pulses to achieve accurate positioning.
So what is a hybrid stepper motor, what is the difference between a hybrid stepper motor and a reactive stepper motor? Let's take a closer look at the hybrid stepper motor.
The hybrid stepping motor is a stepping motor designed to combine the advantages of permanent magnet and reactive. It is divided into two phases, three phases and five phases. The two-phase step angle is generally 1.8 degrees, the three-phase step angle is generally 1.2 degrees, and the five-phase step angle is generally 0.72 degrees.
The rotor of the hybrid stepping motor itself is magnetic, so the torque generated under the same stator current is greater than that of the reactive stepping motor, and the step angle is usually small. Therefore, the economical CNC machine tool generally needs to be mixed. Stepper motor drive. However, the structure of the hybrid rotor is complicated and the rotor inertia is large, and its rapidity is lower than that of the reactive stepping motor.
Hybrid stepper motor characteristics1, the output torque is large, high speed.
2. The motor has low heat generation, low noise and high efficiency.
3. The high-speed stop is smooth and fast, no zero-speed oscillation runs smoothly, and the vibration noise is small.
4, fast response, suitable for frequent start and stop occasions.
Hybrid stepper motor working principleThe structure of the hybrid stepping motor is different from that of the reactive stepping motor. The stator and rotor of the reactive stepping motor are integrated, and the stator and rotor of the hybrid motor are divided into two sections as shown in the figure below. Small teeth are also distributed on the surface.
The two sections of the stator have a good position with windings arranged on them. Shown above is a two-phase four-pole motor, in which l, 3, 5, and 7 are A-phase winding magnetic poles, and 2, 4, 6, and 8 are B-phase winding magnetic poles. Adjacent pole windings of each phase are wound in opposite directions to produce a closed magnetic circuit as shown in the x, y-direction views in the above figure.
Phase B is similar to Phase A. The two slots of the rotor are offset from each other by a half pitch (see Figure 5.1.5), and the middle is connected by a ring-shaped permanent magnet. The teeth of the two rotors have opposite magnetic poles. According to the same principle of the reactive motor, the motor can be continuously rotated counterclockwise or clockwise as long as the motor is energized in the order of A-B-A-B-A or A-B-A-B-A.
Obviously, all the teeth on the same rotor piece have the same polarity, while the rotor pieces of the two different segments have opposite polarities. The biggest difference between a hybrid stepper motor and a reactive stepper motor is that when the magnetized permanent magnetic material is demagnetized, there will be an oscillation point and an out-of-synchronization zone.
The rotor of the hybrid stepping motor itself is magnetic, so the torque generated under the same stator current is greater than that of the reactive stepping motor, and the step angle is usually small. Therefore, the economical CNC machine tool generally needs to be mixed. Stepper motor drive. However, the structure of the hybrid rotor is complicated and the rotor inertia is large, and its rapidity is lower than that of the reactive stepping motor.
Hybrid stepper motor list1, standard two-phase stepper motor
2, standard three-phase stepper motor
3, economical two-phase stepper motor
4, economical three-phase stepper motor
1. In the structure and material, the hybrid motor has permanent magnetic material inside, so the hybrid motor has self-resistance (that is, there is a certain self-locking force when the motor is not powered), and the reactive motor has no self-resistance. .
2. There is a difference in running performance. The hybrid motor runs relatively smoothly, the output torque is relatively large, and the running sound is small.
3. The two motors differ in price, and the reactive motor is cheaper than the hybrid motor.
Recommended reading:"Detailed structure and working principle of HB type hybrid stepping motor"
"After reading the relationship between HB hybrid stepping motor and the number of phases, the number of rotor teeth and the number of main poles"
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