LEDs have made their mark in 2010. The Expo and Asian Games are shining with LED lighting. LED TVs are selling in major stores. The Ten Cities and Ten Thousand Cities Project has been promoted to 21 cities. It is undoubted that LED is the most electronic industry in the world. Hot topic. In just one year, the market size of LEDs jumped from $700 million in 2009 to $1.07 billion in 2010. The dream growth rate has attracted many companies to join the LED boom in the “Ten Cities and Ten Thousand Citiesâ€, where the mix of fish and dragons and the quality of LEDs are mixed.
As the LED lighting market has just started, there is a lack of uniform interfaces and specifications, and the compatibility between products is lacking. As a result, the maintenance of LED lighting is difficult, and many obstacles are formed on the road of LED popularization. Wang Wenfeng, product manager of Weide International Trading Co., Ltd. pointed out that LED products do not have uniform standards for production. The performance or some parameters of different manufacturers of LEDs of the same specification are different.
“Customers and our understanding of products often have deviations. Due to the lack of specifications, customers have a distrust of us.†Wang Wenfeng once encountered a sample application from a customer, but only emphasized a certain parameter, such as power, to be submitted. After the sample, it was found that the product could not match the customer's product in other parameters such as luminous flux, color temperature, color rendering coefficient, etc., resulting in product selection errors.
Faced with end-users' diverse demands for power, LED quantity, modularization and other technologies, Xu Qin, product manager of Shanghai Lanbo Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. pointed out that the market diversification needs a lot for LED manufacturers. Specifications, but not mass production, stocking, is bound to extend the delivery cycle, or to reduce the quality of products in order to meet the delivery period, these are the problems caused by the lack of standards.
There is no rule in the rules. As an emerging technology, LED's own luminous efficiency, heat dissipation, color temperature, brightness, illumination and other indicators are still unstable. In the absence of corresponding regulations and regulations, the market will lead to a chaotic state of disorder, thus hindering the healthy development of the LED industry. Wang Wenfeng lamented that there is no unified standard to regulate the market, and there is no basis for quality evaluation. There are many kinds of LED related products on the market, but the 5W LED lumens are far from each other. The market is full of mixed products, and the phenomenon of high quality or sub-prime is endless. The Amotech LED of Korea, which is the agent of Weide International, belongs to high-power high-end products. The performance stability of the products is far superior to that of similar products, and the lack of standards can not highlight the advantages of the products, so that they lose the competitiveness of the products.
Game rules are introduced, LED market is facing shuffling
Similar to the innate shortcomings of the semiconductor industry, the LED lighting industry in China holds a large LED downstream product application market and a huge consumption capacity of one-fifth of the world's population. However, it still plays a role as a follower in LED technology. It has defined the development of LED related standards in China.
Zheng Haowen, director of the National LED Professional Committee, pointed out that after many "pilot projects" and "demonstration projects" in China, most of the projects have been in the small-scale trial stage until now, because of the technology and market. The maturity of the market has not yet been clarified, but the uncertainty of the market stems from technical uncertainty. The long-term uncertainty of technology comes from the fact that LED lighting and display do not have their own suitable standards. Without their own standards, they cannot highlight the advantages and characteristics of LED products. Also, because LEDs do not have their own standards, it is difficult to purchase in government. There are acceptance criteria. Fortunately, the LED industry has recognized the importance of standards, and in recent years has also invested a lot of efforts to promote products and even industry standards.
From 2009 to 2010, the country's series of LED national standards and industry standards are expected to curb the situation of China's LED market melee, providing LED manufacturers and consumers with a measure of the pros and cons of LED. On December 15, 2009, the six LED related standards submitted by the National Lighting Standardization Technical Committee passed the examination and approval and became the national standard. In addition, two mandatory national standards were issued, totaling 8 items, successively in 2010. Into the implementation of the year. In addition, in January 2010, the Working Group on Semiconductor Lighting Technology Standards of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology released nine semiconductor lighting industry standards such as “Detailed Specifications for Power LEDs for Semiconductor Optoelectronic Devicesâ€. In addition to the above national and industry standards, local governments such as Guangdong, Shenzhen, and Shanxi have also launched a series of local standards to guide the development of the LED industry.
LED companies generally welcome the national standards that have come out for a long time. The eight national standards have broken through the bottleneck of China's LED industry development, screened out the development of truly powerful enterprises, and eliminated the small workshops that have been mixed. . Xu Qin said bluntly: "Before the standard was promulgated, everyone was crossing the river by feeling the stones. The whole market was chaotic. Some companies were waiting to see. Some companies were driven by the interests and only wanted to fish in the 'big heat' state. One vote, a new product came out on the market, and it took a long time for imitations to come."
Obviously, after the introduction of the standard, the LED industry will face a major reshuffle, waiting for the company that is not in compliance with the fate of being eliminated. Whether it is a manufacturer or a seller, the direction of developing LEDs will be clearer and can be based on standards. The market judges and produces products that meet customer needs.
Acting Korea's LED brand Amotech's Weide International is full of confidence, Wang Wenfeng believes that the development of standards will increase the corresponding cost and technical strength of LED requirements, forming a certain industry threshold is inevitable, to achieve the survival of the fittest, to promote the rapid specification of LED lighting industry The development of the land guides the industry to an orderly and standard state. “For competitive companies, standards are not a threshold, but a more advanced technology benchmark.â€
Zhang Shilin, manager of Zhen Mingli Holdings Co., Ltd. said that the national standard is equivalent to the development of the LED market game rules, providing production basis for LED chip manufacturing, packaging, design, testing and certification, breaking the technical black box of LED, and judging and selecting the basis of products. Return to the consumer.
Standard implementation for half a year, influence micro
At the China Electronics Show's booth, I noticed that the bright LED products are displayed according to the US Energy Star's chromatogram display. The emphasis is on overseas standards, and several standards that China has just introduced are not in the manufacturers. The display is fully reflected.
The applicability of the standard in the market determines the authority and credibility of the standard. Although the LED national standards and industry standards continue to promulgate the determination of the relevant institutions to standardize the LED market, the implementation of the standards for the past six months is still difficult to conceal the reality. Liu Shaolin, regional manager of Shenzhen Aibisen Industrial Co., Ltd. pointed out that China's LED national standards and industry standards are still not perfect, lacking key indicators such as LED life, color temperature and heat dissipation, resulting in the technical threshold of setting too low, thus losing The national standard's baton status.
"China has made many LED standards in place in the past few years from the local to the central government, but it has not really entered the right track. The problem of substitutability and lack of liquidity is obvious." Zheng Haowen further exemplified the LED industry gathering. The South has established relevant standards based on local industry and environmental characteristics. For example, the start-up power supply of street lamps is only applicable to the ambient temperature south of Central China. Due to the technical and market thinking obstacles of the local LED industry, the standards introduced have fallen into geographical restrictions and thus lack of liquidity. In addition, excessive directivity leads to a lack of substitutability of standards, such as non-essential material and property limitations. Zheng Haowen believes that before enterprises and related industrial institutions do not have sufficient macro and mature strategic thinking, the industrial standards imposed by force are actually problematic, and the possibility of failure increases.
The LED industry chain is relatively long. From the upstream semiconductor to the downstream traditional mold assembly, each link is actually related to the performance of the final product. Therefore, the standard formulation work needs to be considered from multiple levels. Zheng Haowen emphasized that the standard should first consider the purpose and sustainable development. In Taiwan, for example, the standardization of LED street lamps was earlier than in other countries and regions. However, when the standard was introduced, only five manufacturers passed the so-called standards, and their replaceability and liquidity were hit.
LED standards in various countries seize the right to speak and test the competitiveness of LED companies
The purpose of the LED national standard is not only to regulate the market order, but also to support domestic excellent enterprises. The deeper meaning behind it is to seize the international right to speak of LED and increase the bargaining chip in the international market. South Korea, the United States, Japan and other countries have successively thrown LED standards to lobby international organizations to adopt, in an attempt to seize the commanding heights of LED standards to dominate the LED industry.
As early as 2009, South Korea initiated a proposal to promote the national standards for LED lights and lamps into IEC national standards. The United States naturally will not sit by the LED international standards and put the hands of others. It will release the Energy Star standard for LED light source lamps in advance, clarify the specifications of LED lighting products, and try to upgrade the market to the market through LED leaders such as CREE and bridgELux. Standard and dark paving. As of April 1, 2010, a total of 17 manufacturers including 19 brands and 300 products have passed the Energy Star's Category A (CategoryA) temporary residential and non-residential LED lamps (Residentialandnon-residentialluminaires) certification. In addition to the well-known LED manufacturers Cree and Philips, there is also a Chinese face, Zhen Mingli, which won the LED Energy Star energy-saving stamp on December 4, 2009 with its recessed lights. It is not difficult to understand that Zhen Mingli has made a big effort to promote the Energy Star at the China Electronics Show.
In addition to the ENERGY STAR market, the draft of the UL standard for solid-state light sources is also being developed. Due to the high cost of UL certification and the cumbersome certification procedures, the strength of LED companies has been tested and the companies trying to enter the Americas market have not formed. Small challenge.
In Europe, due to the unsatisfactory calculations of the EU countries, the system and regulations have been delayed. At present, the barriers to entry in relevant European markets are relatively loose. CE's technical revisions for solid-state light sources still refer to traditional light sources.
With the help of LED standards in the world, it is bound to form certain technical barriers, and some LED foreign companies will be blocked. In Wang Wenfeng's view, national standards are different for the development of the LED industry. “The inconsistency of national standards will bring a certain degree of confusion and confusion to enterprises in the short term. In the long run, enterprises that rely on exports may face challenges. Standard barriers will exclude non-standard enterprises and drive enterprises facing elimination. The process must be improved in the short term to enhance the competitiveness of the company."
Standard binding is doubtful, LED companies raise their own key indicators
Throughout the European, American, Japanese and Korean markets, it is effective to limit LED imports by standard barriers and protect the domestic market. However, the development of China's LED industry is different from overseas, and it is not possible to copy overseas experience. The high-end LED chip market has been monopolized by foreign chip manufacturers such as Cree, Osram, Philips Lumileds, SemiLEDs, and Nichia. Nichia, Toyota Synthetic, and Mitsubishi Chemical hold first-class phosphors and optical materials. The local market is difficult to break through the technical bottleneck in the short term. The introduction of LED manufacturing standards in the weaker Chinese market in the upstream of the LED industry is tantamount to helping overseas large companies establish technological barriers, which is of little significance in promoting the development of local industries.
Zheng Haowen pointed out that international companies already have very mature manufacturing technologies in the semiconductor manufacturing sector. It seems that China's re-establishment of LED device standards does not make much sense; it has repeatedly tried to formulate some standards that cannot reflect the corresponding heights of industrial technology and market. It will push the development of the industry into a difficult situation. "China has absolutely necessary standards for the application of product products, and must be separated from the original standards." He believes that the lighting standards that have been using traditional light sources are actually very unfair to LED lights, and should be based on market promotion. The advantages of LED lamps such as: energy saving, controllable illumination angle, fast response time, long life, environmental protection, etc. are reflected; in the consumer's perspective, the part that is questioned should be clearly defined, for example: heat dissipation, light The part of the question of fading, color temperature, illumination, etc. should be specified in the standard.
Although there are no clear standards for many key LED indicators, some manufacturers have put a lot of manpower and material resources into their hands and consciously improve the performance of LED heat dissipation and light decay. The development of LED technology has already taken the lead.
The biggest problem exposed in LED applications is that LED life is not as ideal as expected, and the root cause of LED "short life" is LED driver. Zhang Shilin said that in fact, the life of LED is indeed very long, and the short-lived LED lamp has a close relationship with the damage of the drive. “It seems that the cost of the power supply is not large, but the length of the power supply directly determines the life of the LED.†To this end, Zhen Mingli has set up a team to study power supply design, and cooperate with LED driver and passive component manufacturers to find LED. Optimization of power management.
Compared with traditional illumination sources, LEDs have the advantages of being light and small, but they also have the disadvantage of poor heat dissipation due to the small chip area. Most of the damage of the drive circuit is caused by the LED heating, which causes the temperature to be too high, evaporates the electrolyte in the electrolytic capacitor, and eventually leads to the failure of the entire lighting system. The advantages of vertical integration of the LED industry in the real bright, from the package, through the plastic support, ceramic substrate, thermal separation to improve heat dissipation.
Poor heat dissipation can also lead to the sequelae of LED temperature rise, and the luminous efficiency of LED is inversely proportional to temperature. Temperature is the main cause of LED light decay. Hong Hai, deputy general manager of Shenzhen Wenliang Electronics Co., Ltd., said that by using silver glue with good conductivity, it can help improve LED heat dissipation, thus reducing LED light decay. Steady electronics use imported silver glue, although the price is slightly higher than domestic silver glue, but the 50,000 hours of light decay can be controlled at about 32%, which is nearly 10% higher than domestic silver glue.
The above-mentioned means for improving the packaging material is to help the LED to dissipate heat in a passive manner, and as the LED industry grows, a new business opportunity is also derived - LED active heat dissipation. China Taiwan Jianzhun Motor Industry Co., Ltd. has launched a series of fans aimed at LED heat dissipation, breaking through the bottleneck of slow heat dissipation in packaging. In theory, the junction temperature of the LED chip should not exceed 80 degrees, but the temperature environment of the LED after the actual packaging often exceeds the standard. Jianbi motor MR16 (7 ~ 15W) Xenon lamp, E27 (15 ~ 25W) ball lamp, 25 ~ 40W downlight cooling module can effectively reduce the temperature of LED lamps, and has an over-temperature protection function to avoid accidents caused by excessive temperature . According to Xu Xueyi, the deputy director of the company's planning department, the company's products have been adopted by Philips downlights, successfully reducing the temperature of the 31W downlight to 56 °C.
The LED market has maintained a growth rate of more than 20% since 2008. Countries around the world are eagerly watching this pie, and countries have also set up standard barriers. Since the introduction of China's national standards for half a year, it is still difficult to stop the proliferation of low-cost chips. How to develop a standard for the LED market in China to really promote local LED companies is worth pondering. As Zheng Haowen said, from a variety of perspectives, it is possible to formulate valuable industry standards that are conducive to the sustainable development of the LED industry, in order to correctly guide the benign development direction of the industry. Otherwise, repeatedly trying to formulate some standards that do not reflect the corresponding heights of industrial technology and the market will push the development of the industry into a difficult situation.
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