The "Thirteenth China International Performing Arts Equipment and Technology Forum" focuses on "the construction and operation safety of theaters", focusing on the professional theater construction, domestic and international standards, stage machinery design, theater emergency plan and performance management. In many aspects, he has in-depth discussions with various domestic and international stage machinery experts and hundreds of industry practitioners on the safety issues at all levels of theater construction and operation. The following is a discussion on “Installation and commissioning of equipment for stage mechanical engineeringâ€. What are the general procedures for the installation of stage machinery?
Like other mechanical equipment, the installation process of stage machinery and equipment also needs to be leveled and grouted to achieve the requirements of installation technical specifications. After commissioning and trial operation, after meeting the technical performance of the equipment and realizing all design functions, the experience is qualified. And delivered for use. Since the stage mechanical engineering is often a combination of a large number of equipment, in addition to all the individual equipment should meet their own technical requirements, the equipment should also be related to the functional requirements of the stage process, including the various functions necessary to control the equipment. The entire installation and commissioning process shall be carried out under the guidance of the installation and commissioning outline. Each important process shall be recorded and, if necessary, signed by the supervision unit. The installation is completed, the commissioning is qualified, and the procedures are complete before entering the acceptance and handover phases.
1 Equipment unpacking and inventory acceptance
After the equipment arrives at the site according to the supply plan stipulated in the contract, the general contractor, the owner (or its representative), the supervisory party, and the supplier cooperate to check the mechanical equipment one by one according to the equipment packing list and equipment technical documents. , registration and inspection, inspection, acceptance and handover of important parts and components according to the specified quality standards.
2 basic axis (equipment positioning line)
The installation baseline is defined based on the equipment layout and the axis or elevation line of the building. Stage mechanical engineering is a related project of multiple or multiple equipments. Equipments that are connected or arranged with each other shall be provided with a common installation reference line and elevation line. If necessary, a general or permanent reference point shall be buried to set the basic position line. And the basic elevation line. Since the on-board equipment and the under-country equipment have corresponding relationships in the process layout, the basic axis of the stage plane should also be drawn on the grid top plane and each bin plane. The base axis of the stage plane consists essentially of the longitudinal axis (ie the longitudinal centerline of the stage) and the transverse axis of the device perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. Since the mezzanine line is the basic line for equipment installation, when determining the lateral axis, first determine the mezzanine line (ie, the projection line of the inner surface of the building mesa wall). The determination of the line of the mouth should consider the construction error of the building entrance, that is, the verticality and flatness of the wall, and give priority to the smooth installation of the fire curtain.
3 Equipment basic inspection
The basic construction unit shall provide a certificate of equipment basic quality for inspection. If necessary, the strength of the foundation can be re-tested, and the foundation is visually inspected. The main surface is to see whether there are defects such as honeycomb, pockmark, and unevenness on the base surface. For the measurement and inspection of the elevation, position and geometric dimensions of the foundation, check the coordinate position, the elevation and center distance of the embedded parts, the anchor bolts or the anchor bolt anchor plates, and the pre-embedded anchor bolt holes (if any). Center position, depth, etc. Unlike other heavy equipment, stage machinery and equipment generally do not have a separate single foundation, and their correlation is strong. When checking, special attention should be paid to the associated size between equipments.
4 equipment in place
For equipment with large weight, large volume or high installation position, it is necessary to focus on solving the lifting problem. For equipment that has been disassembled or installed in large parts, ensure that key components such as equipment base, frame and rails are in place and then assembled. For the stage, including the main lifting platform, the auxiliary lifting platform, the vehicle platform, and the vehicle turntable stage, from the determination of the basic axis to the location of the equipment, we must pay close attention to the relevance of the equipment.
5 Accuracy detection and adjustment
Accuracy detection and adjustment are the key procedures in equipment installation. All position accuracy items and partial shape accuracy items fall into this category. The work involves error analysis, dimensional chain principle and precision measurement technology, which are important processes to ensure the quality of the installation. Accuracy detection is the relative position error between the components of the inspection equipment, such as verticality, parallelism, and coaxiality error. When adjusting, adjust the position of the device itself and each other according to the technical requirements of the device installation (as specified by the specification or design technical documents) and the accuracy detection, such as the installation level, verticality, parallelism, etc. of the device. The adjustment of the main lifting platform support column is the key to the installation of the lifting platform. Since the main lifting platform is multi-configuration and closely related to the side platform, the position error, verticality, parallelism, center-to-center error of the column, and related errors of the lifting platform rail mounted on the column are not only The performance of the lifting platform itself has a decisive influence. The installation of the auxiliary lifting platform, the side parking platform, the compensation lifting platform and the like, which are closely related to the main lifting platform, and the overall function of the stage are also greatly affected, and special attention should be paid.
6 device fixed
With the exception of a few mobile devices, all mechanical equipment must be securely fastened to the equipment base to prevent major accidents caused by unfixed fixing.
7 Disassembly, cleaning and assembly
Disassembly, cleaning and reassembly of disassembled mechanical equipment components and equipment components that have been stored for extended periods of time and that exceed the rust-preserving shelf life. This type of situation is not common in new theaters, and as time goes by, this situation will gradually increase after periodic inspections of equipment.
8 Lubrication and equipment refueling
Fill each lubrication point with oil according to the type and quantity of lubricant specified in the design.
9 equipment debugging
(1) Single device debugging. The main contents include: equipment initial position verification, design speed (or speed range) verification, motion limit range (stroke and stroke switch) adjustment, load (rated load and overload) verification, safety device (switch or circuit) adjustment, etc. .
(2) Debugging of related group devices. Its contents mainly include: group sports form (associated motion, non-associated motion, etc.), group motion security control (interlock condition, synchronization error, scene parameter, speed error, etc.). The debugging of the equipment and the debugging of the control system are inseparable. Generally, the debugging of the performance of the equipment achieves the purpose of most of the control performance debugging, and the debugging of the control system is in the front and the debugging of the equipment is in the back. Make a record of equipment commissioning for archiving.
10 equipment test run test
The test run test of a single device can be generally divided into three types: no-load test, load test, and motion accuracy test.
(1) The no-load test is to assess the installation accuracy of the equipment and the stability of the equipment, and to test whether the transmission, lubrication, hydraulic and other systems are normal, sensitive and reliable. The relevant parameters and performance shall be tested under no-load conditions. For parts that need to be run-in (such as open rack and pinion drive), a certain period of empty load operation is a step that must be performed before the equipment is put into use.
(2) The load test is divided into two types: overload test and rated load test. The overload test mainly tests the load capacity of the equipment, the capacity of the load holding member, and the strength and rigidity of the bearing member according to the specifications. The rated load test mainly evaluates the transmission system and safety devices of the equipment, such as assessing the temperature rise and noise of each part, and checking whether the hydraulic transmission system and the control system are normal, safe and reliable. The test run under load condition is also the work necessary for the equipment to run-in, and its operation quality has a great influence on the service life of the equipment.
(3) The motion accuracy test of the equipment is generally carried out according to the provisions of the manual after the load test. The working accuracy of the equipment, such as speed accuracy and parking accuracy, is checked mainly according to the design requirements. Most of this test is self-inspected before the equipment is accepted, and it is verified as needed during the acceptance. At present, the domestic trial operation of equipment is not taken seriously, only testing, and does not guarantee a certain running time. Equipment that requires running-in (such as a self-made rack and pinion mechanism, open gear transmission, etc.) is not worn-in, which is not appropriate. In addition to the single equipment test, the stage mechanical engineering also carries out group equipment testing, mainly to check the function parameters, such as equipment synchronization accuracy, scene parameter setting, equipment chain and so on. An important part of equipment testing is the verification of equipment safety performance. Test records and equipment inspections shall be performed during equipment commissioning.
11 Equipment acceptance
Stage machinery and equipment shall be checked and accepted according to the engineering contract documents, design drawings and acceptance specifications.
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